Typing and justifying machine



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TYPING AND JUSTIFYING MACHINE Filed Nov. 19, 1945 18 Sheets-Sheet 7 ROMAN ETTEF'QS UNITS LETTERSMALL CAPS FIG S UNITS Y INVENTOR /Ezytg ['/mrleJBy/Voron ,urb/M March 29, 1949. c; w. NORTON TYPING AND JUSTIFYING MACHINE 18 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed Nov. 19,. 1945 (Va/"laf n/MS. R E0 O March 29, 1949. c. w. NORTON 2,465,657

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ATTORNEYS March 29, 1949.

c. w. NORTON v TYPING AND JUSTIFYINGl MACHINE March 29, 1949. c. w. NORTON 2,465,657

T-YPING AND JUSTIFYING MACHINE Filed Nv. 19, 1945 18 sheets-sheet 15 1N VENTOR.

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Filed Nov. 19, 1945 GOT H i'C C. W. NORTON TYPING AND JUSTIFYING MACHINE 18 Sheets-Sheet 18 f' Mio/ATTORNEYS Patented Mar. 29, 1949 2,465,657 l TYPING AND JUSTIFYING MACHINE Charles W. Norton, West Orange, N. J., assignor to Ralph C. Coxhead Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application November 19, 1945, Serial No. 629,350

20 Claims.

This invention relates to typewriting machines and as illustrated and described is embodied in a machine known in the art as a Varityper, in which a supporting anvil Wheel carries interchangeable type shuttles, so that various styles and sizes of type may be used at will; and it relates more especially to those machines which have diierential letter spacing mechanism.

Machines of this type may be provided with line justifying mechanism whereby they are capable of producing typed sheets in simulation of ordinary printed matter, which may be used for reproduction by photolithographic or other printing processes. In my Patent No. 2,298,805, issued October 13, 1942, I have disclosed a typewriting machine having differential spacing mechanism whereby spacing movement may be given to the carriage according to the conventional widths given in ordinary printed matter to the various letters and characters used, with provision for adaptation to different sizes of type. It is desirable, however, to make use of diierent styles of type, which require different systems .of spacing, such, for instance, as roman, gothic or italic.

The construction involves the utilization of a paper carriage of sufficient Width to permit the use of a relatively wide sheet of paper. In operation, preliminary unjustified or uneven length lines are written in a column at the left of the paper, and a justified line is then written in a column on the right, after the operation of a tabulator key. When the end of a preliminary line is being approached, the machine rings a bell, or establishes some other signal, and the operator may then type a few more characters before the ultimate limit is reached. This signal is the margin signal of the ordinary typewriter. The operato? having finished writing the preliminary line, depresses a tabulator key which automatically releases the carriage so that it may move to the left-hand margin of a new or second column at the right side of the paper, and the operator then writes the same line over in this second column, and the machine automatically justies this rewritten line so that it occupies a standard length. This result is obtained accurately and automatically by the action of the machine, which distributes the required extra spacing only between the words of the line, leaving the spacing between the letters unchanged.

It is an object of this invention` to provide an improved mechanism whereby the diierential spacing may be used for different sizes of type, but also may be provided with means conveniently applicable for changing the system of` spacing to any one of several different styles of type.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved justifying mechanism for a type-l writing machine equipped with a differential spacing control, whereby the carriage feed may be advanced according to the various widths of the different characters, and at the same time the lines may be justied to uniform length, by varying only the spacing between words, and not the letter spacing.

Another object is to provide an improved tabulating mechanism.

Another object is to provide a mechanism of the kind that is simple, automatic and capable of use by any typist without special training or skill.

Further objects and advantages will become apparent in the description of the invention, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings comprising a part of the specification. In the claims, as well as in the description, parts are identified by specific names for convenience, but such nomenclature is intended to be as generic in its application to analogous parts as the prior art will permit. The best form in which I have contemplated applying my invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 (Sheet 1) is a plan view of the preferred form of typewriting machin e with certain parts omitted which are well-known and are not necessary to a complete understanding of the present invention.

Fig. 2 (Sheet 2) is a transverse vertical sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 (Sheet 2) is a sectional View of a dial and index for indexing the position of the carriage relative to the left-hand margin of the typed sheet.

Fig. 3a (Sheet 2) is a fragmentary front elevation of the dial, etc. shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 4 (Sheet 3) is a horizontal plan view, partly in section, of the escapement gearing.

Fig. 5 (Sheet 4) is a vertical sectional view on line 5 5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 (Sheet 3) is a detail sectional view on the line 6 6 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 (Sheet 5) is a plan detailed section on line 1-1 of Fig. 8 and illustrates the relation of the key push rods to the universal bars that control the differential letter spacing.

Fig. 8 (Sheet 6) is a detailsectional elevational Aview taken on the line 8 8 of Fig. 1 and illus-` trates the mechanism controlled by the shift key levers for changing the effect of the type key levers upon the differential letter spacing mechanism.

Fig, 9 (Sheet 7) is a table showing the units of escapement movement allowed for each letter and character of the roman style type.-

Fig. 10 (Sheet 8) is a detailed view of the push rods and controls of type key L, in their relation to the three universal bars.

Fig. 11 (Sheet 8) illustrates the push rods car- Fig. 13 (Sheet 8) illustrates the push rods connected with the T key.

Fig.v 14 (Sheet 8) is a detail View of the push rod associated with the period key. l

Fig. 15 (Sheet 1) is a view showing the connection of the space key in its relation to the single unit universal bar.

Fig. 16 (Sheet 9) is a view looking at the end of the escapement shaft from the rear of the machine and shows the escapement wheel I-f which permits the carriage to escape onev unit. The escapement dogs are shown in normal position when the carriage is stationary. There is also shown the mechanism by which-the escapement solenoid is actuated by the operation of the printing keys.

Fig. 17 (Sheet 9) is a sectional plan View on the line 'l-l'l of Fig. 16.

Fig. 18 (Sheet 11') is an elevational detailed View illustrating the key-controlled release mechanism for the hammer which drives the paper against the type to producev the printing impression.

Fig. 19 (Sheet 10) isy a view in side elevation of the two-button back-spacing key.

Fig. 20 (Sheet 10) is a broken perspective view of the vback-spacing key and mechanism.

Fig. 21 (Sheet 10) is a detailed View of the escapement dog and a portion of one of the escapement wheels when a type key has been depressed, and shows the detent disengaged from the teeth of the escapement wheel.

Fig. 22 (Sheet 11) is a sectionalv View on the line 22--2'2 of Fig. 5 and illustrates a cross section through escapement wheel IV-f together with the gearing connecting this escapement wheelv to the escapement shaft.

Fig. 23 (Sheet 11) is a sectional view on the line 23-23 of Fig. 5.and illustrates escapement wheel II-f and its connectinggearing. with the escapement dogs thereqf in normal position with ,l

the carriage stationary.

Fig. 24 (Sheet 4) is a detailed v iew of the h-ammer release mechanism and is takenon line 24.- 24 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 25 (Sheet 12) is a perspective view of the mechanism, with shaftl |52. axially displaced; whereby the required expansion for line justification is determined.

Fig. 26 (Sheet 12) is a perspective view of the tabulator key and. connected mechanism in normal position.

Fig.,2'71 (Sheet 13) is an. elevational view of the justiiication mechanismV from the back of the machine, in the normal positionfor thebeginning of apreliminary line.5r

Fig. 28 (Sheet 13) is a perspective view of the 4 mechanism which transmits the justification movement to the paper carriage.

Fig. 29 (Sheet 15) is a diagrammatic illustration of the operation of the carriage mechanism on the justification device.

Fig. 30 (Sheet 14) is a detail of the expansion determining mechanism. l v

Fig. 31 (Sheet 14) shows the connection of the tabulator key to the justification mechanism.

Fig. 32 (Sheet 16) is a sectional elevation of parts of the justification mechanism on line 32-"32l of Fig'. 40 showing the position of the parts during the typing of the justified line after the second operation o f` the space bar.

Fig. 33 (Sheet 1'5) is a sectional elevation of the justifying mechanism on line 33--33 of Fig. 40,

'showing the position of parts during the typing of the preliminary line.

Fig. 34 (Sheet 15) is a plan View of the mechanismshownin Fig. 33.

Fig. 35 (Sheet 14)v is a side elevation oi element` No. 8 of the expansion distributori Fig. 35a (Sheet 14) is a side elevation of elements No. 0 and No. 1 of the expansion distribu-tor.

Fig.- 36 (Sheet 1 4) is a view similar to Fig.35 showing element No. 14.

Fig.` 37 (Sheet 15) is a sectional elevation on the line 31-,31 of Fig. 33.

Fig.. 38 (Sheet 15) is a perspective view of the brackets or guides for theratchet device actuated by the space bar.

Fig. 39 (Sheet 16) is a plan of the mechanism located below the shelf forsupporting the justifying mechanism, which controls the actuation of the justifying mechanism bythe space bar.

Fig. 40 (Sheet 17) is a view insectional elevation on line 40-40 of Fig. 32 of the justifying mechanism showing the connections from the space bar thereto.

Fig'. 41 (Sheet 1,'7) is a View in sectional elevati'onf on line Ale-4t of Fig. 40 showing the cam mechanism for disengaging the lateral ratchet device.

Fig. 42 (Sheet A17) is a detail View of the ratchet element.

Figs. 43, 44- arid 45 (Sheet 18) are diagrammatic illustrations of the positions of the universal bars relative to the printing key push rods for roman, gothic and italic styles of type respectively.

Figs. 46 and 47 (Sheet 5) are views of details of the means for shifting the universal bars to positions for varicziu'sV styles of type.

The-machine herewith illustratedy and .describe is of` the key-controlled shuttle type, where the printing impression is? formed-by the impact of a printing hammer' whichv forces the paper against the ribbon and type, and s knownl in the art as the Var'ityperJ It comprises? the main frame l (Fig. 1") which carries the: mechanism of the machine. Type keys`j 21 (only a few being illus- .'trated); are' mounted on a pivot-bar 4 (Fig. 2) supp'o'rte'd by the main iranie-v I. These type keys' at their' front ends carry iing'er buttons 5 and at the at'ed. This mechanism is old in thek art and'wijll 

